Manual:
You physically take the film in your hands and thread (lace for you
folks in the UK) the film through the entire film path. You open
every sprocket guard, open the film gate, set the tension of the
film around the sound drum, and loop film around the rollers as the
film exits the projector. All projectors from the very beginning of
the development of projectors up until around 1962 were manually
threaded. This is good because the projector and film path were less
cluttered plus you had to know something about film so you wouldn't
destroy either the film or projector. Film can be stopped at any
point in the reel and unthreaded easily if you don't wish to see the
entire movie.
Auto Load:
You flip a lever and feed film into an entryway. The film threads
itself through the entire film path. When the film exits the
projector you give the film a slight "tug" to trigger the release
linkage and take the machine out of the automatic thread mode. The
numerous linkages and guidance hardware are complicated. That's why
auto load machines are the most expensive to purchase brand new.
Film can be stopped at any point in the reel and manually unthreaded
with a little difficulty. By the way, AUTOLOAD is a registered
trademark for Bell & Howell's line of automatic threading
projectors. Bell and Howell invented automatic threading projectors
in late 1962 with the introduction of the famous model 552 and its
baby brother the model 545. Film leader (the first 3 feet for sure)
must be in good condition and free of sticky tape, folds, kinks,
torn holes, etc.
Slot Load:
You flip a master "loading lever" and the entire film path opens up.
Then you just sort of 'lay' the film in the slot. Then flip the
master lever into the run position and show your movie. Film can be
stopped at any point and unthreaded easily. Some machines allow you
to actually rewind the film while still in the film path. There is
usually some safety interlock switches preventing rewinding if any
of the sprockets and claw is still engaged with the film or damage
would result! These machines are also complicated internally,
difficult to clean, and can be problematic. Slot load and channel
load are the same terms. By the way, Graflex invented the slot load
system in 1966.
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